22
📖 Lesson

Chapter 22

PSY513 - Forensic Psychology

👤😈 CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY 🧠🚔

🎯 Objectives:

  • To understand the developmental factors 🌱 of criminogenic personality 👤😈
  • To know about the different crime 🚔 prone personality disorders 🧠
  • To understand the main characteristics 📋 of Anti Social Personality Disorder 😈
  • To understand the common types of crimes 🚔, usually committed by individuals 👤 with Anti Social Personality Disorder 😈
  • To get an insight 💡 about the DSPD debate ⚖️🗣️

🌱👤 Criminogenic Development

How does a criminogenic personality 👤😈 develop ❓ What factors 📋 contribute to such personalities ❓ Psychologists 👨‍⚕️ have found several factors that contribute to the development 📈 of Criminogenic personalities 👤:

  1. 🧬👤 Personality traits can predispose to criminality 🚔
  2. 🧬🧠 Biological basis are another reason for the development of such personalities
  3. 🧬❤️ Personality traits and biological basis combined with early attachment 👶❤️ like maternal deprivation 👩🚫 and lack of an appropriate "attachment" 🔗
  4. 👥🏫 Socialization patterns like friends 🤝, environment of school 🏫, teachers 👨‍🏫 also play an important role
  5. 😢💔 Early trauma
  6. 👨‍👩‍👧🚫 Early separation from any of parents or both parents, growing up without parental figures 👤:
    • 🏠➡️ Removal from the home 🏠
    • 👊😢 Childhood physical beatings 💥 and sexual abuse 😰
  7. 🔄❓ Inconsistent parenting is another factor like one overindulgent 🍬 the other too strict 😤. Mother 👩 is polite and father 👨 is wild and abusive 😠 or vice versa. Or one day severe punishment 🔨 for one thing and other day same act is appreciated 👏 by parents:
    • 🍬👶 Overindulgence parenting
    • 🚫📋 Absence of parental discipline
    • ❌📏 No limit setting and no punishment 🔨 and reward 🏆 system is defined
    • 🔀😵 Erratic, inconsistent discipline
    • 👨👩🔀 Both parents are inconsistent - Sometimes strict 😤 for no reason, at others indulgent 🍬 for no reason

🧠😷 Personality Disorders and Crime 🚔

People 👥 who cannot contain their urges ⚡ to harm 💥 (or kill 💀) people repeatedly for no apparent reason ❓ are assumed to suffer 😣 from some mental illness 🏥. However, they may be more cruel 😈 than crazy 🤪, they may be choosing 🎯 not to control their urges ⚡, they know right ✅ from wrong ❌, they know exactly what they're doing 🧠, and they are definitely NOT insane 🚫🤪, at least according to the consensus of most scholars 👨‍🏫 (Samenow 2004). They usually fall into one of these types 📋:

  1. 😈🚫 Antisocial Personality Disorder
  2. 😢💔 Borderline Personality Disorder (are victims 😢 not abusers 👊)
  3. 👑🪞 Narcissistic Personality Disorder
  4. 🔍😨 Paranoid Personality Disorder

😈🚫 Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)

APD 😈 is practically synonymous with criminal behavior 🚔, but as with all distributions 📊 of a disease 🏥 or whatever in a population 👥, it is probable that the majority of people with this particular affliction are law-abiding ⚖️. Aging 👴, over involvements 🔗, and/or relationships 💑 might hold sway over the control 🎮 or lack of control ❌ in these kinds of people 👤.

Individuals 👤 with an Antisocial Personality Disorder 😈 show a lack 🚫 of concern toward the expectations 📋 and rules 📜 of society 👥 and usually frequently become involved in at least minor violations ❌ of the rules of society and the rights ⚖️ of others. A popular term for this type of individual is "psychopath" 😈🧠.

Although the diagnosis 🩺 is limited to those persons over eighteen years 1️⃣8️⃣ of age 📅, it usually involves a history 📜 of antisocial behavior before the age of fifteen 1️⃣5️⃣. The individual often displays a pattern 📊 of lying 🤥, truancy 🏫🚫, delinquency 👊, substance abuse 💊, running away from home 🏃 and may have difficulty with the law ⚖️.

📋😈 Main Characteristics of Anti Social Personality Disorder

  1. 👨 Typically Male: This problem is much more prevalent in males 👨 than females 👩. Old name of this disorder was Psychopathy 😈 or Criminal Psychopath 🚔
  2. 🚫⚖️ Absolute disregard for the rights of others 👥
  3. 🎭🐍 Manipulative and deceitful and conning 🃏
  4. 👆😤 Blameful of others - Never takes responsibility 🚫📋
  5. 🤥🗣️ Pathological Liars - Lies constantly 🤥
  6. ⚡🚫 Impulse control problem - Acts without thinking 🧠❌
  7. 🤷📋 Irresponsible - Doesn't fulfill obligations
  8. ❤️‍🔥👥 Sexually promiscuous - Multiple partners
  9. 💊💉 Poly drug use - Uses multiple substances
  10. 🎢⚡ Thrill seeking - Seeks dangerous excitement
  11. 🔫🙅 Hostage taking - Extreme criminal acts
  12. 🚫❤️ No victim empathy (Apathetic to others 😶)
  13. 🚫😔 Absolutely no remorse, regret 😢🚫 and guilt feelings 💔🚫 for any crime 🚔 and sin ❌

🚔😈 Common Crimes by Anti Social Personality

Anti social personality 😈 usually commit following crimes 🚔:

  • 🥷💰 Theft
  • 🔫💵 Robbery
  • 👊💥 Assault
  • 😈👤 Rape
  • 🏃🔓 Escape from prison 🏛️
  • 💊💉 Illegal substance use/selling
  • 😈❤️‍🔥 Sexual crimes/deviances
  • 🐍👤 Exploitation of vulnerable people 😢

📱🚔 Specific Crime Patterns

  • 📱💊 Mobile snatching for buying drugs 💉
  • 👊😱 Attacking unsuspecting victims 👤
  • 🎲🚔 Opportunistic crimes 💰, they do not plan 📋 for small things like purse 👛 or mobile 📱 snatching
  • 🏦📋 Planning big things like bank robbery 💰🔫
  • 🎯❌ Unrealistic goals 🤔 and this unrealistic approach helps in their arrest 🚔👮
  • 👤💔 They have been mostly found in blackmailing 😰 girlfriends 👩 into prostitution etc.

📊😈 Detailed Analysis of Antisocial Personality Disorder

The incidence 📊 of APD 😈 is twice as high ⬆️ for inner-city 🏙️ residents than in small towns 🏘️ or rural areas 🌾. It affects people 👥 in all social classes 📊, but if someone with APD is born into a family 👨‍👩‍👧 of wealth 💰 and privilege 👑, they will usually manage to seek out a successful business 💼 or political career 🏛️.

Poorer people 💰🚫 with APD 😈 tend to wind up in state prison systems 🏛️🔒. The fact is that most of the current prison population 👥🔒 shares the APD diagnosis 🩺. All it takes is a juvenile record 📋👶, an adult offense career 🚔, aggressivity 😤👊, impulsivity ⚡, a checkered work history 💼❌, and/or lack of demonstrable repentance 🚫😢.

One of the things closely related to APD 😈 is the comorbidity 🔗 of alcoholism 🍺 and narcotic addiction 💊. Some of the criteria for a substance abuse disorder 💉 are very similar: theft 🥷, hazardous behavior ⚠️, failure to fulfill role functions 📋❌ in home 🏠, school 🏫, and work 💼.

⚖️🗣️ The DSPD Debate (Dangerous and Severe Personality Disorder)

This is a highly controversial issue ⚖️❓: whether the individual 👤 with anti social personality disorder 😈 should be treated 💊 by force 💪 or not ❓ Because they are dangerous ⚠️ for society 👥, are very likely to abandon 🏃 the legal system ⚖️.

They tend to be very manipulative 🎭 during treatment 💊 and tend to lie 🤥 and cover up personal faults 🙈 in themselves and have little insight 🔍🚫 into their behavior patterns 📊. Many psychiatrists 👨‍⚕️ are of the opinion that this disorder is not treatable 💊❌ to a reasonable level of success ✅.

Further to this, any form of preventative detention 🔒 requires a prediction 🔮 of dangerousness ⚠️, generally by a psychiatrist 👨‍⚕️ following a risk assessment 📋. Psychiatry 🧠 is generally unable to predict dangerousness ⚠️ with any great precision 🎯.

The Question ❓: If a person 👤 is diagnosed 🩺 with Anti Social Personality Disorder 😈 although he has only committed theft 🥷 and has passed his six month 6️⃣ sentence ⏳. Should that person be treated 💊 by force 💪❓ Or should that person be treated 💊 only by choice 🤔❓ Does he have the right ⚖️ to live free life 🕊️ if he does not commit any other crime 🚔❓