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🎯 Main Points

Mindfulness

PSY409 - Positive Psychology

🔑 Key Definitions

Langer's Mindfulness: Cognitive approach - openness to novelty, alertness to distinction 🧠
Mindlessness: Operating on automatic pilot, trapped by categories 🤖
Bishop's Two-Component Model: Self-regulation of attention + orientation toward experience 📊

👤 Important Figures

  • Ellen Langer - Cognitive approach to mindfulness (1989, 1997) 🧠
  • Bishop et al. (2004) - Two-component model 📊
  • Brown & Ryan (2003) - Mindfulness as enhanced attention/awareness 👁️

📋 Langer's 5 Features of Mindfulness

  • 1. Openness to novelty 🔓
  • 2. Alertness to distinction 🔍
  • 3. Sensitivity to different contexts 🌍
  • 4. Implicit awareness of multiple perspectives 👥
  • 5. Orientation in the present 📍

🧠 Key Terms

  • MBSR - Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction
  • MBCT - Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
  • DBT - Dialectical Behavior Therapy (incorporates mindfulness)
  • ACT - Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

💡 Exam Tips

  • Langer = COGNITIVE approach 🧠
  • Know all 5 of Langer's features of mindfulness 5️⃣
  • Bishop = TWO components: attention + orientation 2️⃣
  • Know therapy abbreviations: MBSR, MBCT, DBT, ACT 📋