19
📖 Lesson

Chapter 19

PSY513 - Forensic Psychology

📖 ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ABOUT VIOLENCE 🕌⚖️

🎯 Objectives:

  • To understand the importance of Mercy 💚 and Justice ⚖️ in Islamic perspective 🕌
  • To understand the importance of Knowledge 📚🧠 in creating equilibrium ⚖️ in Justice and Mercy 💚

🕌 Morality is Essential ✨

According to our Islamic perspective 🕌 morality is essential ⭐. Islam ☪️ can be called the religion of morality 💫. Islam presents a very effective ✅ and comprehensive moral system 📋 for all circumstances 🌍. Thus whatever leads to the welfare 🤝 of the individual 👤 or the society 👥 is morally good ✅ in Islam ☪️ and whatever is injurious ❌ is morally bad 🚫. We find in the Qur'an 📖: "And thou (standest) on an exalted standard of character." ⭐ (Surah 68: 4)

Good morality ✨ in Islam ☪️ is not a favour but a duty 📋. As if to enlighten 💡 the quality of fine morals 🌟, the Qur'an 📖, repeatedly uses the phrase: "those who believe 🤲 and do good works ✅".

Also we find 📖: "You have indeed in the Apostle of Allah 🕋 a beautiful pattern of (conduct) ⭐ for anyone whose hope 🙏 is in Allah and the Final Day ⏳ and who engages much in the praise of Allah 🤲." [Surah 33:21]

Muhammad [PBUH] ﷺ was ennobled by his Lord 🕋; he was blessed ✨ by the noblest of virtues 🌟. He embodies the totality of virtuous action 💪 and thought 🧠, the best of which is reflected in the attainment of moral virtue ⭐. The Prophet [PBUH] ﷺ has acquired the moral characteristics 📋 needed for his own moral development 📈 that makes him capable of laying down rules 📜 for other people 👥, through laws ⚖️ and the establishment of justice ⚖️. He has said "I was sent to complete the good morals." ✨

👤 Man's Essence is Divine ✨🕋

Man 👤 is made in the Divine Image 🕋✨. Hazrat Adam and Hazrat Jesus were sent to this earth 🌍 with divine essence ✨.

⚖️ View About Punishment 🔨

The Holy Quran 📖 says: "If someone kills 💀 one man 👤 it is as if he has killed 💀 all mankind 👥." but if you forgive 🤲💚 that is even better ⭐. Many Islamic scholars 👨‍🏫📚 believe that all sins ❌ and wrong deeds 🚫 must be punished 🔨 but this concept is borrowed from Bani-Israel 📜, as Judaism is fear 😨 based religion.

✋🚫 Only Authorized Violence is Permissible in Islam ☪️

As for the meaning of violence 👊💥 as 'rough or injurious physical force ⚡ or action', Islamic Law ⚖️ opposes 🚫 all uses of force 💪 in this sense except in the case of war ⚔️ or for punishment 🔨 of criminals 👤🚫 in accordance with the shari'a 📜. Even in war ⚔️, however, the inflicting of any injury 🤕 to women 👩 and children 👶 is forbidden 🚫 as is the use of force against civilians 👥. Only fighters ⚔️ in the field of battle 🏟️ must be confronted with force 💪 and it is only against them that injurious physical force can be used ⚡.

💚⚖️ A System Based on Justice and Mercy

Islamic perspective 🕌 about legal system ⚖️ is purely and completely based on Justice ⚖️ and mercy 💚. Infact Mercy 💚 is considered a step ahead ⬆️ to Justice ⚖️.

There are many different words 📝 in the Quran 📖 related to forgiveness 🤲💚:

  1. Afw 🤲: To pardon ✅, to excuse for a fault ❌ or an offense 🚫 or a discourtesy, waiver of punishment 🔨 and amnesty 🕊️.
  2. Safhu 🔄: to turn away from a sin ❌ or a misdeed 🚫, ignore 👀 (Quran 📖: 2:109, 15:85 and 43:89)
  3. Ghafara or Maghrifa 💚: to cover 🫣, to forgive 🤲 and to remit ✅. (Quran 📖: 2:263 and 43:43)

⭐ Following Points Enlighten 💡 the Importance of Mercy 💚 and Justice ⚖️:

  • ✨ Mercy 💚 is a step ahead ⬆️ to justice ⚖️
  • ⚖️ Justice or "Adl" is a name 📛 of God 🕋
  • 💚 Mercy: Rahman 💚 and Raheem 💚 are also Divine Names 🕋
  • ⚡ Qahhar 💪, Jabbar 💪, Muntaqim ⚔️ are also Names of Allah 🕋 and He takes revenge for His persons 👥
  • 🔄 Synthesis of all of these is essential ⭐
  • 💫 Allah 🕋 says "My Mercy 💚 overcomes my wrath 😠"
  • 🌟 The Holy Prophet ﷺ (PBUH) is Mercy 💚 upon mankind 👥🌍

🕋✨ Divine Names of Allah and Importance of Mercy 💚 and Justice ⚖️

⚖️ Al-'Adl (The Just)

  • 👑 The One who is entitled to do what He does
  • ⚖️ The justice, the equitable. The Just ✨

💚 Rahman and Raheem (The Most Merciful)

The first aya 📖 of Al-Fatiha 🤲 firmly establishes that these two names 📛 refer to Allah 🕋, the Supreme Power 💪✨, and to Him exclusively. They are used together (as a pair) 🔗 and separately (individually) throughout the Qur'an 📖 extensively to describe or refer to Him in various contexts 📋.

⚡💪 Al-Qahhar (The Subduer)

  • 💪 The Subduer who has the perfect Power ⚡ and is not unable over anything
  • 👑 The Almighty, the Dominant ⚡

💪👑 Al-Jabbar (The Compeller)

  • 🕋 The One that nothing happens in His Dominion 👑 except that which He willed ✨
  • 💪 The all Compelling ⚡

⚔️🔥 Al-Muntaqim (The Avenger)

  • ⚔️ The One who victoriously prevails 🏆 over His enemies 👤❌ and punishes 🔨 them for their sins ❌
  • ⚡ The Avenger 🔥

🤲💚 Forgiveness of Hind, of Quraysh

Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) is mercy 💚 for all mankind 👥🌍. The mercy 💚 of the Prophet ﷺ even extended to those who brutally killed 💀 and then mutilated the body 🫀 of his uncle Hamzah 👤, one of the most beloved ❤️ of people to the Prophet ﷺ. When Hind 👩 quietly came to the Prophet ﷺ and accepted Islam ☪️, he recognized her 👀 but did not say anything 🤐. She was so impressed 😮 by his magnanimity ✨ and stature that she said 💬, "O Messenger of God 🕋, no tent 🏕️ was more deserted in my eyes 👀 than yours; but today no tent 🏕️ is more lovely ❤️ in my eyes 👀 than yours."

❤️🧠 Human Emotions and Morality

  • 😨 Judaism is fear-based, legalistic 📜: Torah 📖 talks that an eye 👁️ for an eye 👁️, a tooth 🦷 for a tooth 🦷, life for life 💀
  • ❤️ Christianity is Love-based: Bible 📖 talks, turn the other cheek 🙂
  • 📚🧠 Islam is Knowledge-based: Holy Quran 📖 says "You have the right ✅ to do what was done unto you but do not transgress 🚫 and if you forgive 🤲💚, Allah loves Muhsineen ❤️"

Islam ☪️ is a religion based upon knowledge 📚🧠 for it is ultimately knowledge 🧠 of the Oneness of God ☝️🕋 combined with faith 🤲 and total commitment 💪 to Him that saves 🛡️ man 👤. Such sayings 💬 of the Prophet ﷺ as "Seek knowledge 📚 even in China 🇨🇳", "Seek knowledge 📚 from the cradle 👶 to the grave ⚰️", and "Verily the men of knowledge 👨‍🏫📚 are the inheritors of the prophets 🕋", have echoed throughout the history 📜 of Islam ☪️.

🎓📚 How to Educate Ourselves to Avoid Violence? 🚫👊

This can be possible through ⬇️:

  1. ⚖️ Equilibrium (A'itidaal) 🔄
  2. 🧘✨ Educating the Soul (Tarbeeyat-i-Nafs) 🌱

⚖️🔄 Equilibrium - The Middle Path 🛤️

Fear 😨 of Allah 🕋 should be in equilibrium ⚖️ to the passionate Love ❤️🔥 for Allah 🕋. Balancing Justice ⚖️ with Mercy 💚 through Knowledge 📚🧠. Knowledge 🧠 leads to forgiveness 🤲 and mercy 💚.

Islam ☪️ bases itself upon the idea 💡 of establishing equilibrium ⚖️ within the being of man 👤 as well as in the human society 👥 where he functions and fulfills the goals 🎯 of his earthly life 🌍. This equilibrium ⚖️ is the basis upon which the soul 🧘 takes its flight ✈️ towards peace ☮️🕊️.

Equilibrium ⚖️ means:

  • 🛤️ The Middle Path 🔄
  • ⚖️ Balancing Justice ⚖️ with Mercy 💚 through Knowledge 📚
  • ❤️😨 Fear and Love must be in equilibrium ⚖️
  • 📚🤲 Knowledge leads to forgiveness 💚
  • 🧠💡 Knowledge can help discern when to punish 🔨 and when to forgive 🤲

🌱🧘 Educating the Soul (Tarbeeyat-i-Nafs) ✨

In Islamic perspective 🕌, Tarbeeyat-i-Nafs 🧘 is the key 🔑 component to avoid violence 🚫👊 and aggression 😠. Peace ☮️ for the soul 🧘 is only possible through tarbeeyat-i-Nafs 🌱, educating 📚 the soul.

  • 🌟👤 Islam ☪️ believes in the potential 💪 of every man/woman 👨👩 to develop into a good citizen 🏛️
  • 📖🎓 Education can help everyone realize their true potential 💪⭐
  • 💫📚 Knowledge is also a Divine Name 🕋

☪️🕊️ Islam Means Peace ☮️

Islam ☪️ is the religion of peace ☮️🕊️. Its very name 📛 is derived from the word 'salam' 👋. Salam is not only the absence 🚫 of violence 👊 and aggression 😠 but it also means total well being 🌟 and happiness 😊. It means literally 'to be safe 🛡️, secure 🔒, sound ✅, wholesome 💚, unharmed 🙏, unimpaired and intact ✨'.

In the Qur'an 📖, God 🕋 is called Al-Salam ☮️ i.e. the Perfect one ⭐ (Surah 59:23). The state of salam ☮️ is the state where every thing finds its fullness 💯, glory 🌟 and perfection ✨. Hence the Qur'an 📖 calls Heaven 🏛️✨ as Dar al-Salam 🕊️ which is the abode of peace ☮️ and perfection ⭐.

The Prophet ﷺ (peace be upon him) said 💬, "The best Islam ☪️ is to give salam 👋 to every one 👥, whether you know 🧠 that person or not." (al-Bukhari 📚, Hadith no 11)

Peace ☮️ creates a chain reaction 🔗⬇️:

  • 🧘☮️ Peace for the soul 💚
  • 🏘️🤝 Leads to peace for the neighbor 👥
  • 👥🌆 Leads to peace for the community 🏛️
  • 🌍🕊️ And ultimately leads to peace for the nation 🇵🇰