🔑 Key Definitions
Nutrients: Substances from food that body needs for growth and health
Saturated Fat: Unhealthy fat that raises cholesterol (solid at room temp)
Trans Fat: Processed fat that raises LDL and lowers HDL
LDL: "Bad" cholesterol that causes plaque buildup
HDL: "Good" cholesterol that removes LDL from blood
Saturated Fat: Unhealthy fat that raises cholesterol (solid at room temp)
Trans Fat: Processed fat that raises LDL and lowers HDL
LDL: "Bad" cholesterol that causes plaque buildup
HDL: "Good" cholesterol that removes LDL from blood
🧠 Six Essential Nutrients
- Water: Most important! Body is ~60% water
- Carbohydrates: Main energy source
- Fats: Energy storage, organ protection
- Proteins: Build and repair body tissues
- Vitamins: Help body processes function
- Minerals: Bones, blood, body functions
📊 Types of Sugars
- Simple (Monosaccharides): Glucose, Fructose - quick energy
- Complex (Disaccharides/Polysaccharides): Sucrose, Lactose, Starch - slower release
🛠 Diet-Related Diseases
- Atherosclerosis: Plaque buildup in arteries (fat/cholesterol)
- Hypertension: High blood pressure (excess sodium)
- Cancer: High fat, low fiber increases risk
- Diabetes: Related to obesity and diet
💡 Exam Tips
- SIX essential nutrients: Water, Carbs, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals
- Saturated fat is MOST dangerous for heart
- LDL = "Lousy" (bad); HDL = "Happy" (good) cholesterol
- Trans fats are DOUBLE bad (raise LDL AND lower HDL)
- Food pyramid: Base = grains, Top = fats/sweets (eat least)