🔑 Six Theoretical Explanations
Three PSYCHOLOGICAL Explanations
1. Cognitive Behavioral Hypothesis
- Exercise generates positive thoughts and feelings
- Counters negative moods (depression, anxiety)
- Mastering tasks increases self-efficacy
2. Social Interaction Hypothesis
- Exercising with friends/colleagues is pleasurable
- Improves mental health through social connection
3. Distraction Hypothesis
- Exercise distracts from worries and frustrations
- Explains short-term relief from depression/anxiety
Three PHYSIOLOGICAL Explanations
4. Cardiovascular Fitness Hypothesis
- Improved mood relates to better cardiovascular fitness
5. Amine Hypothesis
- Exercise stimulates neurotransmitters
- Improves psychological mood
6. Endorphin Hypothesis
- Exercise produces morphine-like chemicals
- Reduces pain, increases euphoria
- Known as "runner's high"
🔄 Three Transitions in Exercise Adherence
Transition 1: Sedentary → Adoption
6 Characteristics of Adopters:
Confidence, Knowledge, Awareness, Self-control, Positive attitudes, Not overweight
Parental influence important for children
Confidence, Knowledge, Awareness, Self-control, Positive attitudes, Not overweight
Parental influence important for children
Transition 2: Adoption → Maintenance or Dropout
- 9 Adherence Factors: Available time, Behavioral coping, Equipment access, Self-efficacy, Group cohesion, Heart disease risk, Intrinsic motivation, Perceived good health, Social support
- 6 Nonadherence Factors: Blue-collar work, Overweight, Mood disturbance, Physical discomfort, Smoking, Social physique anxiety
Transition 3: Dropout → Resumption
- Important but statistics unavailable
💡 Exam Tips
- 3 psychological: Cognitive Behavioral, Social Interaction, Distraction
- 3 physiological: Cardiovascular, Amine, Endorphin
- 6 adoption characteristics: confidence, knowledge, awareness, self-control, positive attitudes, not overweight
- 9 adherence vs 6 nonadherence factors
- Parental beliefs influence children's exercise